K J Muhammed AslamAdvocate · Ernakulam
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All matters

Every matter, by practice area

590 matter types, each filed under the practice area it belongs to. Each entry sets out the problem, the law, the forum, the procedure, the documents usually needed and the limitation clock. General information only — verify the current position on your facts before acting.

Cyber cell to High Court

Cyber fraud, freeze & takedown

120 matters · Cyber crime & IT Act matters →

UPI, QR-code and OTP phishing

24 matters

  1. UPI collect-request fraud – unauthorised approve-to-pay request
  2. QR code swap fraud at shop / parcel counter Kerala – scan-to-receive scam
  3. OTP sharing fraud Kerala – "bank/RBI/KYC" caller took OTP
  4. Bank vishing call fraud – KYC-block threat call
  5. Phishing email / header-spoof fraud – fake bank / IT refund / boss mail
  6. SIM-swap fraud – duplicate SIM, then OTPs + UPI reset
  7. WhatsApp takeover fraud – OTP / six-digit code shared, contacts asked for money
  8. Fake customer-care number fraud – Google-search number / toll-free trap
  9. AnyDesk / TeamViewer / RustDesk screen-share fraud Kerala
  10. Cyber fraud complaint drafting Kerala – NCRP + bank + police set
  11. Electronic evidence preservation – screenshots, headers, hash, BSA 63
  12. RBI zero-liability / unauthorised electronic transaction claim
  13. BNSS 175(3) application after police inaction in UPI fraud – Magistrate route
  14. Writ for police/bank inaction in cyber fraud – High Court of Kerala
  15. Anticipatory bail / regular bail in UPI-mule allegation – accused side
  16. UPI wrong-credit / mistaken transfer recovery Kerala
  17. KYC-update / AePS biometric-lock fraud – fingerprint-misuse withdrawal
  18. Fake IPO / stock-advisory UPI fraud – Telegram + small-profit top-up trap
  19. UPI fraud where victim is outside Kerala – jurisdiction + High Court-primary briefing
  20. Compensation before Adjudicating Officer (IT Act) for UPI data negligence
  21. Defences where UPI PIN was shared – what still helps the victim record
  22. Repeat-target / recovery-scam follow-up – "pay fee to unfreeze profit

Investment, task, crypto, ransomware and BEC fraud

24 matters

  1. Telegram investment scam Kerala – fake SEBI / analyst group, small-profit trap
  2. Fake trading dashboard / app fraud – F&O / forex / crypto screen shows profit
  3. Prepaid-task / like-and-earn scam Kerala – recharge → commission → big deposit freeze
  4. Online job / work-from-home scam – registration fee + data-entry deposit
  5. Instant loan-app harassment Kerala – morphed contacts, Sachet/RBI check
  6. P2P crypto fraud Kerala – UPI paid, USDT never released / account frozen as mule
  7. Wallet-drain / seed-phrase scam – fake airdrop / support took seed or signed malicious approval
  8. Ransomware / data-encryption extortion – clinic / shop / startup system locked
  9. Business email compromise (BEC) Kerala – fake vendor / boss mail, invoice account changed
  10. Fake IPO / pre-IPO allotment scam – WhatsApp + UPI + "allotment fee
  11. Pig-butchering / romance-cum-investment scam Kerala – long grooming, then trading portal
  12. Accused-side defence in investment-case – mule / introducer / "profit sharer" arrayed
  13. Lien-mark on investment trail – victim request + bank response drafting
  14. Quash / discharge in failed-venture vs fraud allegation – genuine loss distinguished
  15. PMLA note in cyber-investment cases – when ED angle arises (general information)
  16. Fake advisory / "SEBI-registered" tip-seller verification path
  17. Crypto-exchange grievance + off-ramp freeze drafting (victim)
  18. Loan-app data-deletion / morphed-photo removal request
  19. Ransomware backup + business-continuity record for claim/insurance
  20. BEC vendor-verification control note (preventive information)
  21. Cross-state investment FIR linkage – Kerala victim, outside-India handler
  22. Settlement / restitution in investment fraud – court-recorded payment
  23. Tax / bank-statement handling after fraud – explaining credits to bank/IT dept

Bank account freeze, lien and mule-account allegations

24 matters

  1. Bank account frozen after a cyber complaint — the lien explained (Kerala)
  2. 14-day / continuing lien question – "police must report seizure to Magistrate
  3. Student / homemaker mule allegation – "rent for account" case
  4. NCRP category selection – financial fraud vs social-media vs other cyber crime
  5. 1930 golden-hour call – what to say in 3 minutes
  6. RBI zero-liability rule – unauthorised transaction reporting tiers
  7. Salary / DBT / pension account unfreeze request – subsistence plea
  8. Magistrate de-freeze application – BNSS 497/503 release practice (Kerala)
  9. Bank / IO notice reply drafting – lien notice, Sec 91-analogous / BNSS production notice
  10. Innocent-recipient / bona-fide payee defence – sold goods, got tainted UPI
  11. Revision / appeal against freeze order – Sessions / High Court route
  12. Startup / merchant current-account freeze – payroll stuck, clients leaving
  13. Settlement / restitution through court – paying disputed amount safely
  14. CIBIL / account-conduct after lien – next steps once released
  15. Multi-bank / multi-state lien tracing – hop-table drafting for IO
  16. Joint / family account freeze – one member's dispute blocks household
  17. Salary-credit vs tainted-credit identification – statement-marking method
  18. NCRP-linked arrest fear – notice vs summons vs custody
  19. Cheque-bounce (NI 138) during freeze – EMI/cheque dishonoured because lien
  20. Bank's "hold" vs "lien" vs "debit-freeze" – language guide for letters
  21. NCRP acknowledgement + bank-dispute pairing checklist
  22. De-freeze undertaking / surety drafting – what Magistrates expect
  23. Fraud-amount vs own-balance ring-fencing plea – proportionality arithmetic
  24. Closing the loop – closure / de-freeze confirmation + record hygiene

Harassment, sextortion and defamation

24 matters

  1. Online stalking in Kerala – repeated follow, messages, monitoring (BNS 78)
  2. Sextortion – intimate photo/video threat for money or more images
  3. Revenge porn / non-consensual intimate image (NCII) sharing – ex-partner upload
  4. Deepfake / morphed photo-video – face swapped onto explicit content
  5. Fake profile in victim's name – Instagram / Facebook / matrimonial impersonation
  6. Identity theft – PAN/Aadhaar/photo used for SIM, loan, or account
  7. Online defamation – post, video, review alleging crime/fraud against person/business
  8. Hacked account – email / Instagram / business page taken over
  9. Cyberbullying / college ragging chat abuse – group targeting student
  10. Accused-side – harassment allegation from failed relationship / dispute
  11. Accused-side – defamation complaint against you for review/complaint
  12. Civil injunction – stop circulation + de-index prayer drafting
  13. 2-hour intimate-image grievance track – impersonation content (Rule 3(2)(b))
  14. Workplace / college online harassment record – ICC + police parallel
  15. Child-targeted abuse image complaint – POCSO + IT 67B path (facts only)
  16. Business-review extortion – "pay or 1-star / expose video stays
  17. Matrimonial-site misuse – fake groom/bride + money/photo demand
  18. Doxxing – address/phone/child school published to harass
  19. Non-consensual recording in lodge/hostel/PG – hidden camera allegation
  20. Image-misuse by lender/recovery agent – contact-list broadcast threat
  21. Comment-section pile-on / coordinated trolling – journalist / doctor / teacher targeted
  22. Apology / correction vs trial – what public statement is safe during case
  23. Evidence bundle for harassment trial – full-thread + BSA 63 + 105 video

Intermediaries, evidence and search

24 matters

  1. Domain / website blocking – Sec 69A IT Act route (procedure information)
  2. INDRP / UDRP – look-alike domain (bankname-support.in) used for fraud
  3. Social-media account ban / shadow-ban challenge – creator/business page disabled
  4. BSA 63 certificate drafting – dual certificates (custodian + system/process)
  5. Police seizure without memo/hash – phone/laptop taken, no paper given
  6. Article 20(3) – password / biometric / decryption demand during search
  7. FSL – phone / hard-disk / CCTV forensic examination request (Kerala)
  8. Cloud data / Gmail / Drive / WhatsApp-backup disclosure – MLAT vs platform channel
  9. FSL-direction writ – device/FSL/report pending, trial or lien stuck
  10. Platform grievance → GAC → court escalation bundle (Rule 3 / 3A)
  11. Intermediary safe-harbour note – IT 79 due-diligence relevance
  12. Search of office/home in cyber case – BNSS 185 + 105 compliance checklist
  13. CDR / IPDR / TSP disclosure request – who can ask, how long retained
  14. Bank-statement / UPI-switch proof – BSA 63 pair for money trail
  15. CCTV / ATM footage preservation – overwrite-risk letter drafting
  16. App-permission / APK forensics – smishing-APK examination questions
  17. Voice / call-recording proof – vishing audio + transcript + BSA 63
  18. Hash / chain-of-custody note – one-page format for every device
  19. Cross-border fraud – server/admin outside India, victim in Kerala
  20. Emergency disclosure – imminent-harm request (threat / NCII spread)
  21. Gag / media-restraint prayer where investigation or victim-privacy at stake
  22. Costs / compensation for illegal search or data loss by custodian
  23. Record-retention for cyber file – what to keep for 6 years
  24. When to brief High Court counsel – cyber-matter triage (High Court-primary)

Advisory & compliance

DPDP compliance

90 matters · Data protection & DPDP compliance →

Applicability, data fiduciaries, notices and consent

18 matters

  1. DPDP applicability audit for Kerala business — do we fall under the Act
  2. Digitised offline data — registers, forms and CCTV logs brought online
  3. Foreign website or app serving Kerala customers — extraterritorial reach
  4. Personal or domestic use exclusion — family, household handling
  5. Publicly available data — blogs, self-published posts and statutory disclosures
  6. Fiduciary vs Processor — who is answerable when a vendor handles data
  7. Joint fiduciaries — marketplace, franchise and hospital-lab models
  8. Section 5 notice drafting — Malayalam + English, item by item
  9. Withdrawal — as easy to leave as to join, and what survives it
  10. State, medical-emergency and disaster uses — s.7(b)–(h) map
  11. Startup and notified-class relaxation — s.17(3) tracker
  12. Lawful purpose and purpose limitation — s.4 anchor memo

Rights, children, employees, CCTV and retention

18 matters

  1. DSAR — right to access summary, sharing trail and processing note (s.11)
  2. Correction cascade — wrong phone, address or name across systems and vendors
  3. Erasure — delete me, unless purpose survives or law says keep
  4. Nomination — s.14 nominee for death or incapacity
  5. Section 15 defence — answering false, frivolous or impersonated requests
  6. No tracking, monitoring or targeted ads at children — s.9(3) hard line
  7. Notified child-processing classes and verifiably-safe exemption — s.9(4)/(5) watch
  8. School-vendor pack — student app, bus GPS and fee-portal checklist
  9. HR pack — attendance, payroll and performance data under s.7(i)
  10. Ex-employee data — references, dues and deletion after exit
  11. CCTV SOP — shop, clinic and apartment cameras with people data
  12. Facial recognition on private premises — high-risk memo, default no
  13. Retention schedules — purpose-over means delete, unless law says keep
  14. PMLA/banking 10-year override — when another law beats erasure
  15. Hospital retention — treatment records vs delete-me requests
  16. Grievance-first rule — Board will not hear you before the fiduciary does
  17. Data Principal duties + Rs.10,000 track — the quiet penalty on individuals

Vendors, security, breach and grievances

18 matters

  1. DPA drafting — s.8(2) valid-contract clauses Kerala vendors will sign
  2. Tiering — processor, sub-processor or second fiduciary
  3. Cross-border transfer — s.16 blacklist model and what to write in the DPA
  4. Breach indemnity — who pays when the processor leaks
  5. Reasonable safeguards checklist — s.8(5) without inventing mandates
  6. ISO 27001 mapping — using audit language without overclaiming
  7. Ransomware — when encryption of your own data is a personal data breach
  8. 72-hour + without-delay notices — Board and each affected principal
  9. Breach playbook — contain, assess, notify, submit, document, mitigate
  10. Late notice — delay condonation and mitigation story
  11. Victim push — breach victim's complaint to the Board
  12. Grievance mechanism + officer — s.8(10)/s.13 front door that must work
  13. Grievance SLA — counting the response window without guessing
  14. Law-enforcement sharing shield — s.11(2) replies without tipping off
  15. Accuracy duty — s.8(3) where data decides loans, jobs or admissions
  16. Publish the contact — s.8(9) DPO or answerable person on the website
  17. Processor erasure cascade — stopping the copies after stop

Significant data fiduciaries, the Board, TDSAT, e-sign and domains

18 matters

  1. SDF readiness — will the Government notify us as Significant
  2. DPO appointment — India-based, Board-facing, grievance-owning
  3. DPIA drafting — description, risk, management for SDF processing
  4. Independent data audit — auditor who evaluates SDF compliance
  5. Board complaint drafting — s.27(1)(b) after grievance exhaust
  6. Voluntary undertaking — s.32 corporate-probation strategy
  7. How the Board starts — breach intimation, reference, court direction, suo-motu screen
  8. Mitigation for quantum — s.33(2) seven-factor story
  9. TDSAT appeal — 60 days, sufficient cause, 6-month endeavour
  10. Mediation — s.31 Board-directed settlement track
  11. INDRP + WHOIS — phishing domain using your brand to harvest data
  12. Phishing + blocking — s.37 DPDP vs s.69A IT Act takedown routes
  13. Intermediary clock — reports, acknowledgement and GAC/69A overlay
  14. E-commerce seller + platform — who owns the customer-data breach
  15. Section 37 blocking deep-dive — the 2-penalty gate most blogs skip

AI governance and compliance

18 matters

  1. AI use policy for the office — which tools, which data, who approves
  2. Hallucination SOP — AI output never goes to court or client unverified
  3. Hiring-AI review — DPIA-style check before CV screening tools decide
  4. Shadow IT — personal Gmail, free bots and USB models with customer data
  5. AI vendor contracts — no-train clause for AI SaaS handling your data
  6. AI procurement checklist — DPDP + security before purchase
  7. Prompts and recordings stored — AI retention breach hiding in chat history
  8. Employee data for AI training — s.7(i) does not mean free corpus
  9. Training-data deletion pipeline — honouring s.12/s.8(7) inside ML systems
  10. Deepfake response sprint — first 24 hours for a Kerala victim
  11. Brand deepfake — company director faked for fraud or defamation
  12. School deepfake — minor targeted; child-safety overlay
  13. Voice-clone consent — using a person's voice in AI content
  14. Automated decisions — loan, screening or pricing tools and s.8(3) accuracy
  15. Research datasets — s.17(2)(b) archive/research/statistical path for AI data

Advisory & Ernakulam courts

Business, banking, IPR & tax

105 matters · Business, banking & IPR →

Company formation, governance and contracts

26 matters

  1. SPICe+ private limited incorporation — paperwork support
  2. LLP formation (LLP Act) — drafting + filing support
  3. One Person Company (OPC) — suitability + papers
  4. Shareholders Agreement (SHA) — drafting for founders
  5. DIR-12 director change / resignation — filing pack
  6. Shareholder and director disputes — Section 241 oppression and mismanagement brief
  7. DIN-KYC annual compliance — reminder + filing support
  8. Board / general meeting minutes — drafting pack
  9. Commercial lease — drafting / vetting (office/shop)
  10. Partnership deed and partner disputes — capital, profit and exit clauses
  11. Founder vesting and ESOP — term-sheet drafting support
  12. STK-2 strike-off (dormant company closure)
  13. NDA — drafting for business talks
  14. Appointment letter — drafting for shops/SMEs
  15. Consultant vs employee — misclassification audit
  16. Vendor agreement with LD — drafting
  17. SaaS and software agreements — SLA drafting and review
  18. Software, brand and content licence agreements — drafting
  19. Franchise agreement — vetting for franchisee/franchisor
  20. Demand Promissory Note (DPN) — recovery backbone
  21. Commercial demand notice — drafting before suit
  22. Order 37 summary suit — plaint drafting (Ernakulam)
  23. Order 37 leave-to-defend — defence drafting
  24. Security cheque in contracts — clause + risk note
  25. Seller hold / holdback in business/asset sale — clause
  26. Sec 12A Commercial Courts pre-institution mediation

Cheque bounce and MSME payment recovery

16 matters

  1. Sec 138 – 30-day demand notice (cheque bounce)
  2. Sec 138 complaint — drafting & filing (Ernakulam JMFC)
  3. Sec 138 defence — trial strategy note
  4. Sec 141 director / company liability — complainant & defence
  5. Nominee / independent director quash (Sec 141 proviso)
  6. Sec 143A interim compensation — both-sides note
  7. Sec 148 appeal deposit (suspension of sentence)
  8. Sec 147 settlement / compounding — enforceable closure
  9. Multi-cheque / multi-invoice ledger — allocation strategy
  10. Parallel recovery — 138 + civil + Order 37
  11. Udyam registration — MSE status for benefits
  12. MSME delayed payment — MSEFC / Samadhaan claim
  13. Silpi-type objection — MSEFC vs arbitration clause
  14. 75% deposit on MSEFC-award challenge — risk note
  15. Interest chart (Sec 16 MSMED) — computation sheet
  16. Priority chart — which remedy first? (triage table)

Bank recovery, SARFAESI and DRT papers

21 matters

  1. Section 13(2) SARFAESI demand notice — 60-day objection under Section 13(3A)
  2. Section 13(4) possession notice — Securitisation Application, OTS or redemption
  3. Securitisation Application (SA) under Section 17 — 45-day brief and stay papers
  4. DRAT deposit — appeal after adverse SA
  5. Sec 14 + tenant (Harshad-type) protection
  6. Bank auction notice under Rules 8 and 9 — defect checklist
  7. Section 13(8) redemption — pay the dues and stop the auction
  8. Guarantor and co-borrower liability — limits and discharge
  9. Mortgage and secured-loan disputes — CERSAI search and title audit
  10. Co-operative society recovery as a dispute under s.69, Kerala Co-operative Societies Act / co-operative bank SARFAESI applicability
  11. Account freeze vs PMLA attachment — triage
  12. PMLA Sec 5 provisional attachment — review and counsel referral
  13. CIBIL / credit-report dispute + damages
  14. RBI Ombudsman (bank deficiency) — complaint draft
  15. UPI / failed-transaction / chargeback
  16. Payment-aggregator hold (Razorpay/Cashfree etc.)
  17. Digital-lending / app-loan harassment — defence pack
  18. Loan settlement and one-time settlement (OTS) with the bank — negotiation draft
  19. Wilful defaulter classification challenge — reply to show-cause and writ
  20. DRT recovery certificate execution — objections and stay
  21. Challenge to DRT and DRAT orders in bank recovery matters — SARFAESI writ maintainability note

Trademarks, copyright, designs and trade secrets

25 matters

  1. Trademark search — availability and clearance note
  2. Trademark registration — TM-A application pack
  3. Sec 9/11 examination objection — reply drafting
  4. Sec 21 opposition — notice / counter-statement
  5. Sec 29 infringement suit — plaint (registered mark)
  6. Ex-parte ad-interim injunction — IA brief in IP suit
  7. INDRP / UDRP domain dispute — panel complaint and parallel suit
  8. Marketplace / social takedown — notice pack
  9. TM licensing / assignment — deed drafting
  10. Registered-user (Sec 49) — recordal support
  11. Sec 47 rectification / cancellation — petition drafting
  12. Renewal (Sec 25) — diary + filing
  13. Brand, logo and trade-dress copying — Section 27 passing-off suit
  14. Descriptive / generic defence — reply in TM suit
  15. Course/content © enforcement — piracy brief
  16. Photo © — photographer/brand dispute
  17. YouTube/IG strike + counter — creator pack
  18. Software and source-code ownership — Section 17(c), employer vs developer
  19. Patents — patentability opinion and infringement; filing through a registered patent agent
  20. Design registration — Form-1 filing
  21. Trade secrets and confidentiality — NDA and injunction pack
  22. Anton-Piller-type commission — application for intrusive relief
  23. GI choice — tag vs TM note
  24. Well-known trademark declaration before the Registrar

Arbitration, mediation and insolvency

9 matters

  1. NCLT orders — NCLAT appeal referral and High Court writ limits
  2. Personal-guarantor insolvency (IBC) — response brief and NCLT referral
  3. Arbitration award execution under Section 36
  4. Arbitration S.9 interim (District/High Court) — plea drafting
  5. Arbitration S.11 (High Court) — arbitrator appointment
  6. Arbitration S.34 challenge — 3-month + 30-day pack
  7. Arbitration S.37 appeal — to High Court
  8. Mediation — pre-institution (Section 12A) and court-referred commercial disputes
  9. IBC Sec 8 demand (operational creditor) — demand notice drafting

GST and income tax

8 matters

  1. Certiorari against GST or tax assessment authority order
  2. Tax, SEBI, and CCI orders — appeal or High Court writ
  3. GST Sec 73/74 reply — SCN drafting (non-fraud vs fraud)
  4. GST JC(A) appeal + pre-deposit — appeal drafting and hearing
  5. Income-tax 143(2) scrutiny / CIT(A) — replies, appeals and ITAT
  6. Sec 129 goods-detention release — writ track (GST)
  7. Coercive recovery (bank attachment/garnishee) — writ track
  8. GST registration cancellation — reply, revocation and writ

Remote · Kerala & abroad

Drafting packs

41 matters · Legal drafting & documents →

Notices and replies

13 matters

  1. Reply to a show-cause notice for alleged misconduct
  2. SARFAESI Section 13(3A) representation by a borrower
  3. Representation to the cyber cell to lift a bank freeze
  4. Defamation notice and online takedown request
  5. Section 80 CPC notice before a suit against the Government

Agreements — drafting and review (contracts)

10 matters

  1. Service agreement for a freelancer or consultant
  2. Vendor agreement for supply of goods or services
  3. SaaS subscription and software agreement
  4. Data processing agreement under the DPDP Act
  5. NDA (non-disclosure agreement) and its enforceability
  6. Employment contracts and appointment terms
  7. Founders' agreement with equity vesting
  8. Private loan agreement: interest and repayment
  9. Full and final settlement agreement in a civil dispute
  10. Commercial lease deed or leave-and-licence agreement

Pleadings, affidavits and opinions

12 matters

  1. Civil plaint under Order VII CPC
  2. Written statement under Order VIII CPC
  3. Interim applications: injunction, stay, condonation
  4. Quash petition (Crl.M.C.) under Section 528 BNSS
  5. Regular bail application under BNSS Sections 480 and 483
  6. Anticipatory bail application under BNSS Section 482
  7. Delay condonation under Section 5 of the Limitation Act
  8. BSA Section 63 certificate for electronic evidence
  9. NCRP cyber complaint for online fraud
  10. Reply and representation on an ED summons under the PMLA
  11. Section 9 arbitration application for interim relief

Remote drafting workflow

6 matters

  1. Conflict check before a remote matter
  2. Scope letter for remote drafting: what is included
  3. Stamp duty and registration in Kerala

Magistrate to High Court

Criminal: bail, quash & appeals

46 matters · Criminal law: bail, quash & appeals →

Bail and anticipatory bail

15 matters

  1. Regular bail under BNSS Section 483 before the High Court of Kerala (B.A.)
  2. Anticipatory bail under BNSS Section 482 before the High Court of Kerala
  3. Bail under BNSS Section 478 in bailable-offence cases misclassified by police
  4. Bail under BNSS Section 479 — undertrial detention cap and release on bond
  5. Default bail under BNSS Section 187(3) where charge-sheet not filed in 60/90 days — release as of right
  6. NDPS Act bail petition before the High Court — Section 37 rigour noted
  7. POCSO Act bail petition before the High Court — victim-hearing note
  8. SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act — anticipatory bail bar and regular bail before the High Court
  9. Bail in UAPA cases under Section 43-D(5) before the High Court
  10. Bail in PMLA cases under Section 45 twin conditions and PC Act economic-offence bail
  11. Bail cancellation petition before the High Court
  12. Bail condition modification and relaxation petition
  13. Interim and short-term bail on medical grounds
  14. Stay of arrest and coercive steps pending anticipatory bail
  15. Suspension of sentence and bail pending appeal under BNSS Section 430

Quash, discharge, appeals and revisions

15 matters

  1. Quash of FIR in matrimonial and BNS Sections 85–86 (ex-498A IPC) cruelty cases on settlement (Crl.M.C.)
  2. Quash of FIR in financial and cheque dispute turned criminal case
  3. Quash of FIR in business partnership dispute of civil nature
  4. Quash of criminal proceedings in old and stale cases — abuse of process
  5. Quash of proceedings for non-compoundable offences on full settlement — heinous-bar note
  6. Quash of charge sheet where ingredients of offence not made out
  7. Quash of proceedings against NRI accused in family dispute cases
  8. Quash of proceedings under BNSS Section 528 after acquittal of co-accused
  9. Stay of investigation and further proceedings pending quash petition
  10. Compounding of offences under BNSS Section 359 before the High Court
  11. Discharge petition challenge and revision against discharge dismissal
  12. Criminal appeal under BNSS Section 415 before the High Court (Crl.A.)
  13. Criminal revision under BNSS Section 438 r/w 442 against acquittal or conviction (Crl.R.P.)
  14. Petition for seizure release and property custody under BNSS Sections 497 and 503 with AV admissibility under Section 105 and BSA Section 63 certificates
  15. Prohibition against magistrate proceeding without jurisdiction

Police inaction, protection and detention writs

16 matters

  1. Mandamus for police complaint inaction — direction for FIR registration and investigation
  2. Habeas corpus against illegal detention by police
  3. Writ for police protection to inter-caste or inter-religious couple
  4. Writ for police protection against threats from moneylenders or neighbours
  5. Writ for police protection to property and construction activity
  6. Writ for police inaction on criminal complaint
  7. Writ against police harassment and repeated summoning without case
  8. Writ for police protection to senior citizens facing harassment by children or relatives
  9. Writ for protection of life of witness or complainant
  10. Writ seeking CBI or special investigation in police-inaction cases
  11. Writ seeking CCTV and station-records preservation against police misconduct
  12. Writ for effective investigation and change of investigating officer
  13. Habeas corpus for detenue under preventive detention — KAAPA and COFEPOSA review
  14. Police protection for church, temple, or festival conduct
  15. Quashing a Look Out Circular (LOC) — writ before the High Court
  16. Parole, furlough, and premature-release writ for prisoners

High Court of Kerala

High Court writs & procedure

38 matters · High Court writs & procedure →

Writs — mandamus, certiorari, prohibition and quo warranto

9 matters

  1. Mandamus for motor vehicle authority inaction — licence, permit, registration delay
  2. Mandamus for passport authority delay in issuance, renewal, or clearance
  3. Mandamus for KSEB — new connection, tariff, and disconnection dispute
  4. Certiorari against cooperative registrar or society management order
  5. Prohibition against tribunal exceeding its statutory jurisdiction
  6. Quo warranto against illegal appointment to public office
  7. Quo warranto against elected member holding office without qualification
  8. Quo warranto against cooperative or university office-bearer usurping post
  9. Writ petition drafting and filing before the High Court of Kerala under Article 226

Education and tender writs

12 matters

  1. Mandamus for university to publish results and issue degree certificate
  2. Certiorari against university disciplinary or examination order
  3. Challenge to panchayat resolution and tender cancellation
  4. Challenge to university examination result and valuation
  5. Challenge to college admission denial and management quota dispute
  6. Challenge to affiliation withdrawal by university
  7. Challenge to scholarship and fee reimbursement denial
  8. Challenge to disciplinary suspension and rustication of student
  9. Challenge to government tender rejection and disqualification
  10. Challenge to blacklisting order by government department
  11. Writ for payment of government contractor bills
  12. Challenge to auction and e-tender process violation

Writ appeals, commercial appeals, contempt and procedure

13 matters

  1. Writ appeal against Single Judge judgment in land and revenue writ
  2. Writ appeal against Single Judge interim order
  3. Writ appeal restoration and delay condonation petition
  4. Contempt of court petition for violation of High Court judgment (Con.Case(C))
  5. Contempt defence — purge, apology, and compliance petition
  6. Contempt appeal under Section 19 of the Contempt of Courts Act
  7. Review petition against High Court judgment on error apparent (R.P.)
  8. Restoration of dismissed writ petition and writ appeal
  9. Delay condonation and leave petitions before the High Court
  10. Caveat petition before the High Court of Kerala
  11. Stay petition in writ appeal and pending proceedings
  12. Interim relief, urgent mentioning, and vacation bench filing

Lok Ayukta, RTI, Wakf and election petitions

4 matters

  1. Election petition challenging an election under Section 80A Representation of the People Act
  2. Lok Ayukta complaint / order challenge – Kerala Lok Ayukta Act
  3. RTI information denial – second appeal to the State Information Commission and High Court writ
  4. Wakf Tribunal order challenge before the High Court

Civil courts & commissions

Civil, consumer & property

99 matters · Civil, property & consumer matters →

Civil suits — recovery, contracts, injunction, declaration and partition

12 matters

  1. Order VII Rule 11 – rejection of plaint
  2. Commercial recovery — Order XXXVII suit in the Commercial Court, Ernakulam
  3. UPI / personal loan recovery
  4. Breach of contract – damages
  5. Specific performance of agreement
  6. NRI specific performance via PoA
  7. Temporary injunction – Or.39
  8. Declaration – Sec.34 Specific Relief
  9. Cancellation of instrument – Sec.31-33
  10. Possession – licence vs lease
  11. Partition – NRI co-owner
  12. Partition – final decree proceedings

Civil appeals, revisions and execution

24 matters

  1. RFA against Sub Court decree – Ernakulam
  2. RFA valuation and court-fee check
  3. RSA – substantial question of law
  4. RSA – concurrent findings challenge
  5. MFA against Order 43 appealable orders
  6. CMA against temporary injunction – Or.39 R.1-2
  7. CRP – civil revision
  8. OP(C) – Article 227 supervisory
  9. Caveat – Section 148A CPC
  10. Execution petition – Order 21
  11. Execution – Or.21 Rule 32 disobedience
  12. Transferred decree execution
  13. Condonation of delay – appeals
  14. Ex-parte decree – Or.IX R.13 vs Sec.96 appeal
  15. Cross-objection – Or.XLI R.22
  16. Stay of execution – Or.XLI R.5
  17. LAR appeal – compensation enhancement (Sec.74 RFCTLARR)
  18. Settlement / mediation referral in appeals – Sec.89
  19. RCR – rent-control revision (Kerala Buildings Lease & Rent Control Act)
  20. MACA – MACT award quantum appeal (S.173 MV Act)
  21. Transfer petition under Section 24 CPC – shifting a civil case between courts
  22. Original Petition (Civil) under Article 227 against execution court order
  23. Original Petition (Civil) under Article 227 against Motor Accidents Claims Tribunal interim order
  24. RERA authority and appellate tribunal orders — writ versus statutory appeal note

Property, revenue and RERA

25 matters

  1. Title verification – 13-year EC chain
  2. Agreement for sale – advance forfeiture (Sec.74 Contract Act)
  3. Sale deed – drafting and registration
  4. Mortgage – simple vs equitable
  5. Lease vs licence test
  6. Stamp adjudication – Collector opinion
  7. Mutation / pokkuvaravu
  8. Survey – FMB, resurvey, boundary
  9. Easement of necessity
  10. LARR reference – Sec.64
  11. Paddy-land 27A (Form-6) – Kerala Conservation Act
  12. Paddy-land 27B – Farhana principles
  13. Building permit – Tribunal for LSGIs
  14. Demolition notice – Sec.235 Municipality / Panchayat
  15. Conveyance – UDS apartment (Ernakulam)
  16. Caretaker / licence arrangement for NRI property
  17. K-RERA complaint – builder delay / deviation
  18. RERA appeal – Tribunal (REAT)
  19. Boundary / encroachment – revenue + civil track
  20. Title suit – declaration + possession
  21. Partition / release / gift deeds – registration
  22. NRI gift of property
  23. NRI PoA for property management
  24. Rent-control eviction S.11 petition (bona fide need / arrears)
  25. Kerala Land Reforms Act revision – CRP(LR) before the High Court

Land, revenue and local-body writs

17 matters

  1. Mandamus for building permit inaction by municipality or panchayat
  2. Mandamus for revenue authority to issue possession certificate and Thandaper transfer
  3. Certiorari against revenue divisional authority order
  4. Certiorari against municipal council demolition or licensing order
  5. Challenge to resumption or eviction under the Kerala Land Assignment Act (W.P.(C))
  6. Challenge to patta cancellation by revenue authority
  7. Thandaper transfer and mutation delay writ
  8. Possession certificate and location sketch refusal writ
  9. Challenge to building tax or luxury tax assessment
  10. Challenge to land acquisition and LARR compensation award
  11. Paddy land and wetland reclamation order challenge — Kerala Conservation of Paddy Land and Wetland Act
  12. Challenge to sand mining and quarrying permit rejection
  13. Challenge to building permit rejection by municipality
  14. Challenge to demolition and stop-memo notice
  15. Challenge to trade licence cancellation
  16. Challenge to property tax assessment by local body
  17. Writ against illegal construction by neighbour — local body inaction

Consumer disputes

21 matters

  1. Defect complaint – Sec.35 CPA 2019 (DCDRC Ernakulam)
  2. State appeal – Sec.41 + delay-condonation proviso
  3. E-commerce – Rule 10 duties (E-commerce Rules 2020)
  4. Insurance repudiation – health / motor / life
  5. Medical negligence – Bolam test
  6. Unfair trade practice – CCPA
  7. Cross-border / outstation seller jurisdiction
  8. Builder delay – consumer track (alternative to RERA)
  9. Airline / travel deficiency
  10. Bank / UPI deficiency vs fraud – forum choice
  11. Telecom / broadband deficiency
  12. Automobile defect – dealer + manufacturer
  13. Jewellery – weight / purity shortfall
  14. Hospital billing / package dispute
  15. Education / coaching UTP
  16. Food / restaurant deficiency
  17. Review / revision inside commissions
  18. Execution of commission order – Sec.71-72
  19. Consumer mediation – Sec.74-81
  20. Costs / interest structuring
  21. Certiorari against consumer commission order passed in excess of jurisdiction

Family Court, Ernakulam

Family & succession

32 matters · Family & succession →

Marriage, divorce, maintenance and domestic violence

12 matters

  1. 13B waiver – Amardeep Singh guidelines
  2. Contested divorce – cruelty
  3. Contested divorce – desertion
  4. Maintenance – Sec.144 BNSS (ex-125 CrPC)
  5. Parallel maintenance coordination
  6. DV appeal – Sec.29 PWDV Act
  7. DV restraint / quash – Sec.528 BNSS
  8. Restitution of conjugal rights
  9. Special Marriage / inter-faith procedure
  10. Maintenance execution

Custody, guardianship and habeas corpus

9 matters

  1. Habeas corpus for missing minor child (W.P.(Crl.))
  2. Habeas corpus for adult daughter in alleged illegal custody
  3. Habeas corpus for spouse in matrimonial custody dispute
  4. Habeas corpus for mentally ill person in unlawful confinement
  5. Habeas corpus for senior citizen in illegal custody of relatives
  6. Child custody – welfare paramount
  7. Custody relocation – India / abroad
  8. NRI guardianship – GW Act + PoA
  9. Visitation enforcement

Family court appeals, transfers and procedure

6 matters

  1. Original Petition (Civil) under Article 227 against family court order
  2. Transfer petition – Family Court
  3. Matrimonial appeal – Sec.19 Family Courts Act
  4. NRI service – foreign service of process (letters rogatory / Or.V R.25-26)
  5. Family mediation settlement
  6. RPFC vs Mat.Appeal – appeal-route distinction

Wills, probate, succession and heirship

5 matters

  1. Will – property bequest (Ernakulam)
  2. Succession certificate – debts / securities
  3. Probate – Will validation
  4. Suspicious circumstances – Will challenge

KAT/CAT drafting · High Court

Service & labour

19 matters · Service & labour matters →

Government service — KAT, CAT, pension and appointments

14 matters

  1. Mandamus for government job appointment after PSC rank list expiry delay (W.P.(C))
  2. Mandamus for pension arrears and retirement benefits against government department
  3. Prohibition against disciplinary authority proceeding in violation of natural justice
  4. Challenge to teacher appointment, promotion, and transfer order
  5. Writ appeal against Single Judge judgment in service matter (W.A.)
  6. Challenge to KAT and CAT orders before the High Court — service tribunal-origin writ (OP(KAT)/OP(CAT))
  7. KAT OA – promotion (Kerala Govt service)
  8. KAT OA – transfer
  9. KAT OA – suspension
  10. Disciplinary enquiry – defence brief (State service)
  11. Retirement / pension / DCRG withholding
  12. Pay fixation / anomaly / recovery from salary
  13. Reservation / roster / compassionate appointment
  14. CAT Ernakulam – Central service matter

Labour, ESI/PF and workplace complaints

5 matters

  1. Certiorari against labour court or industrial tribunal award
  2. Certiorari against ESI Court / Employees' Compensation Commissioner order
  3. Labour – Sec 25F retrenchment / ID dispute
  4. ESI / PF Sec 7A inquiry — reply preparation and referral
  5. POSH – complaint / ICC support note

Contact

WhatsApp[email protected]+91 94972 40215

3rd Floor, Lalan Towers (KGL Builders), Vanchi Square, High Court Junction, Ernakulam, Kerala 682031 · Monday – Saturday, 10:00 – 18:30 (by appointment)

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